Mechanical element and method of making the same



Feb, 5, i924. 11,482fi23 H. J. SCHMICK MECHANICAL ELEMENT AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME Filed March 11. 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Mam Fbo 5, 1924.

' H. J. SCHMICK MECHANICAL ELEMENT AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME Filed March 11. 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Fotenteel t5, i i w r we Q:

Ul tl ll S) l sinner a. scanner, or W innrnrcsronr,

EEEQIEZAZNICAL AND Application filed March it,

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that HENRY d. Scninrcn, a citizen of the United States, residing at Williamsport, county of Lycoming, rotate a of Pennsylvania, has invented an Improvement in llllechanical Elements and Methods of Making the Same, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like characters on the drawings representing like parts. I

My invention aims to rovide an improved mechanical element having many of the characteristics of a screw. A further aim is an improved method of making mechanical elements embodying the invention. lln the accompanying drawings, wherein l have shown one embodiment of my invention for purposes of illustration, Fig. l is a top side View of a partly completed screw,

the successive cuts being much exaggerated;

Fig. 2 is a front side view of a fragment of the same; 7

Fig. 3 is a transverse section on the line 33 in Fig. 1;

Fig. i is a side view Fig. 5 is a transverse section of the same on the line 5-5 in Fig. 4;

Figs. 6, t and 8 are diagrammatic top side views of a cylindrical blank after passing once, twice and three times, respectively, beneath a cutter;

F igs. 9 and 10 are side and respectively, of a c l of a finished screw;

end views, inder showing the rel ative direction an spacing of successive cuts characteristic of one method of reducing elements embodying my inventlon;

Fig. 11, is a side view of a cylinder similarly operated upon, showing the shape of cut preferred for producing the form of screw shown in Figs. 1 to 5;

Fi 12 is a plan view of the table of a suite le machine for practicing the invention; and

Fig. 13 is an enlarged vertical section of the machine on the line 13-13 in Fig. 12. ltn the articular embodiment of the invention se ected for illustration herein and shown in the drawings, referring to Figs. 1 to 3, inclusive, the thread groove 18 of the screw it is produced by a series of close. l spaced transverse cuts each refer-ably donning two narrow sloping strips 15 on w m n r we F o 3 an: 191% ll tel t W FENlIiiElY'LVFlL-i.

ETHQJJ @F BEARING 1922. Serial No. M2355.

opposite side walls and a flat 16 on the bottom of the groove, as shown in shaded lines in Fig. 2, the form of the sides and bottom depending on the shape of the out ter. The nature off the cut may be better understood by reference to the end cuts 1'? in Fig. l, which are typical of the shape of each cut in the form described before being encroached upon by successive cuts. It is noted that the angle with the axis of the element made by the line of cut is alike in all cases and greater than 90 when measured from the direction or the angle of lead of the groove, and that in the form selected for illustration the slope of the side walls is everywhere the same.

One method of production of the illustrative screw is shown diagrammatically in Figs. 6 to 10. A suitable blank 18, shown in the drawings as a cylinder, is mounted for reciprocation back and forth transverse ly of its axis A-B as shown in Fig. 6 on the line X, and is thereby carried past a suitable cutter or series of cutters 19 (shown in Fig. 1?) making thereby one or more cuts 20 in its eriphery. llhe blank is then rotated by rolFing it bodily on its axis in the direction of the arrow Y in Fig. 7 to shift the cut 20 angularly and sidewise with reference to the cutter, and a second cut 21 (or series of cuts) made, which will be displaced angnlarly and axially with refer ence to the cut 20 as shown in Fig. 7, the direction and amount of displacement depending partly upon the angle made by the axis A-B to the direction of the cut and partly upon the direction and amount of movement of the blank.

Thereupon the blanlr is shifted crosswise of its direction of reciprocatory movement, preferably in the same direction as the relative sidewise movement due to rolling it, as shown in Fig. 8 where the arrow Z denotes the direction, and a third cut 22 (or series of cuts) made as before. if desired the rolling and crosswise shitting movements may both be made simultaneously or close together between each out instead of being made in alternation between successive cuts.

The-effect of this method of cutting is shown diagrammatically in Figs. 9 on it, its wherein a series of cuts ninnbered It 3 lltl (ill

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' setting 45, etc., made in the order named with a straight parallel sided cutter illustrate the principle applied to a straight cylinder 23.

ig. 11 shows a cylinder 24 having a series of cuts 1, 2, 3, 4, etc, made with a cutter having a truncated diamond point similar to that with which the screw illustrated in Figs. 1 to 5 may be produced. The angle between the sides of the cutter may be eater or less than that shown, and the angle of the cut with reference to the axis of the blank may be varied as desired.

A suitable machine for practicing the in vention is that shown and described in my pending application for patent, Serial No. 526,327, tiled December 31, 1921. The arbor for the work blank 26 is set at an angle to the axis of the cutters such that the line of cut crosses the axis of the blank at an angle greater than 90 measured from the direction of the lead an le of the thread as shown in Fig. 12. he cuts shown in Figs. 9 and 10 may be made with the arbor and slide set as illustrated in Fig. 12; and the cuts shown in Fig. 11 may be made with the same angular setting but the direction of movement reversed so as to rotate the blank in the opposite direction.

It is evident that the amount of crosswise feed required to space successive cuts the same distance apart axially is less with the of the work blank as described herein, which I term a left hand setting, as compared with the amount of crosswise feed required for the same spacing of the cuts with the setting described in my earlier application, Serial No. 526,327, which I term a right hand setting, because of the sidewise shifting due to rollin being in the same direction as the crosswise shifting for making a right hand thread in my present invention whereas it was in the opposite direction in my earlier invention.

My invention obviously is not restricted to the particluar embodiment thereof herein illustrated and described.

Without limiting myself to the embodiment herein illustrated, T claim the following as my invention:

l. The process of generating mechanical elements having a peripheral groove formed by a series of cuts extending around the axis to one hand, each out making an angle to the other hand with the axis, which comprises alternately rolling the blank and shifting it endwise between successive cuts in the direction of lead.

2. The process of generating mechanical elements having a peripheral groove formed by a series of cuts extending around the axis to one hand, each out making an angle to the other hand with the axis, which cornprises alternately rolling the blank and shiftin it endwise between successive cuts in the a: n tron of lead, the endwise shitting nae due to said rolling being approximately equal to the endwise shifting independent thereof.

3. The process of generating mechanical elements having a peripheral groove formed by a series of cuts extending around the axis to one hand, which comprises rolling the blank and shifting it endwise between successive cuts in the direction of lead, said cuts being reverse-handed with respect to the direction of lead.

A. The process of generating mechanical elements having a peripheral groove formed by a series of cuts extending around the axis to one hand, which comprises rolling the blank and shifting it endwise between successive cuts in the direction of lead, whereby the endwise shifting due to said rolling is in the same direction as that of said shitting independent thereof.

5. A mechanical element comprising a groove extending to one hand consisting of a series of cuts transverse of the axis and inclining to the opposite hand from the direction of said groove.

6. A mechanical element comprising a groove extending to one hand consisting of a series of cuts transverse of the axis and inclining to the opposite hand from the direction of said groove, said cuts having sloping sides and offset with respect to each other and the'axis of the element.

7. A mechanical element comprising a groove extending to one hand consisting of a series of cuts transverse of the axis and inclinding to the opposite hand from the direction of said groove, said cuts having sloping sides and ofiset with respect to each other and the axis of the element, and connected by a flat bottom having its ends extended in opposite directions to meet said sides.

8. A mechanical element having a twisted cove extending to one hand with side walls sloping to the other hand substantially as described.

9. A mechanical element of the screw type having a lead or pitch in the same direction as the relative endwise movement due to rolling it at an angle to its axis proportional to the angularity of the sidewall in the opposite direction.

10. A mechanical element having a principal axis of rotation and a groove in its periphery making an angle to said axis to one and, the side walls of said groove comrising merging portions sloping uniformly rom to to bottom and to the other hand with re erence to said angle.

ll. A mechanical element having a principal axis of rotation and a groove in its peri her making an angle to said axis to one an the side walls of said groove comprism merging portions sloping to the other d with reference to said le.

lilo

meaeaa 12. A screw for power gearing having a thread groove with its side walls formed in oppositely disposed corresponding facets symmetrical about a transverse line making 6 an angle to the opposite hand to the direction of lead.

13. A screw for power gearing having a thread groove wlth its side walls combining a transverse slope to the opposite hand to the direction of lead and a stepped s aced 10 relationship to the same hand as the Simtion of lead. I

In testimony whereof, name to this specification.

NRY J. SCHMICK.

I hate signed n y 

